Energy is the blood that promotes social development. With technological innovation and progress, human society has experienced three major energy revolutions, all the way from high carbon energy to low carbon and no carbon energy.
In recent years, China has also actively participated in global carbon emission reduction, actively comply with the global trend of green and low-carbon development, and proposed to achieve carbon peak before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060, in order to achieve this "double carbon" goal, in addition to energy saving, vigorously develop new energy is also the key.
What is the "new energy" that everyone is concerned about? What are the categories and characteristics? Next, I will introduce you one by one!
One: What is new energy
New energy, also known as unconventional energy, refers to various forms of energy other than traditional energy, and refers to the energy that has just begun to be developed and utilized or is actively studied and needs to be promoted, which is of great significance for solving the serious environmental pollution problem and the depletion of resources (especially fossil energy) in the world today.
In its various forms, it comes directly or indirectly from the heat generated by the sun or the Earth's interior. This includes energy from solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, water and ocean energy, as well as biofuels and hydrogen derived from renewable energy sources. The development of new energy industry is not only an effective means of supplementing the entire energy supply system, but also an important measure of environmental governance and ecological protection, and is the ultimate energy choice to meet the needs of sustainable development of human society.
Two: the main new energy
1) Solar energy
Solar energy is the energy generated by the continuous nuclear fusion reaction process inside the sun, its use is mainly concentrated in solar power generation, solar heating and other aspects, with the progress of science and technology, solar photovoltaic power generation is being widely used. China's solar energy resources are very rich, in addition to power generation, the current use of solar energy has solar collectors, solar greenhouse, solar drying, solar refrigeration and so on.
2) Wind energy
Wind energy is the kinetic energy generated by air flow, which has the characteristics of wide distribution and low energy density, suitable for local development and nearby utilization. But wind energy is greatly affected by meteorological conditions, and the power output is not stable. In windy weather, a lot of power can be generated, but when the weather conditions change and the wind speed drops, it will affect the power output.
3) Geothermal energy
Geothermal energy is the natural heat energy extracted by the Earth's crust. This energy comes from the lava inside the Earth and exists in the form of heat. It has the characteristics of clean environmental protection, wide range of uses, good stability, recyclable, etc. Compared with wind energy, solar energy, etc., it is not affected by external factors such as seasonal, climate, day and night changes, and is a realistic and competitive new energy.
4) Ocean energy
Ocean energy refers to the renewable energy attached to the sea water. The ocean receives, stores and dissipates energy through various physical or chemical processes. These energies exist in the ocean in the form of waves, ocean currents, tides, temperature differences, salt differences, etc. As a large Marine resource country with a long coastline and numerous islands, China is rich in total Marine energy resources and has huge potential for Marine energy development.
5) Biomass energy
Biomass energy refers to the energy form of solar energy stored in biomass in the form of chemical energy, which basically comes from the photosynthesis of green plants on earth and can be converted into conventional solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. Plants wither and flourish, spring breeze is born again, so it is an inexhaustible and inexhaustible renewable energy. Many countries in the world have long begun to actively research and develop and utilize biomass energy, and China is rich in biomass energy resources.
6) Nuclear Energy
Nuclear energy refers to the energy released by the fission or fusion of atomic nuclei, also known as atomic energy. Nuclear power generation is low-carbon and environmentally friendly, and there are abundant nuclear energy reserves on the earth, but there is still a long way to go for nuclear waste reprocessing and peaceful use of nuclear energy.
