Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most serious complications of diabetic patients.
In diabetic patients, insulin metabolism is abnormal, hyperglycemia causes tissue hypoxia and microvascular cells are damaged, resulting in insufficient nutrition of the eyes and damage to visual function. Therefore, controlling blood sugar is the core of the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.
People with retinal detachment often feel like looking at a half-closed stage, with an incomplete and obscured field of view. However, with surgery to reset the retina, the patient's vision can be returned to a relatively normal level.
Clinically, it is often seen that some patients with fundus disease think they have cataracts, dragging themselves out of examination and waiting for surgery. It is a pity to miss the golden period of treatment. Vision loss is a common symptom of many eye diseases, and vision deformation is a unique feature of ocular fundus diseases such as macular degeneration, once it occurs, you should seek medical attention immediately.
In addition, experts recommend that fundus photography be taken during each physical examination, so that many eye diseases can be at a glance.
Glaucoma: acute need to be vigilant misdiagnosed as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease
Glaucoma This disease is irreversible, the early symptoms are mainly reduced scope of vision, does not affect vision. So many patients think that their vision is good, the eyes are not sick, but the actual delay in the disease.
Glaucoma is the first irreversible blinding disease in the world. Cataracts, the world's leading cause of blindness, are treatable, and patients with cataracts can see through surgery. However, for glaucoma patients, the current medical means can only delay the onset of the process, once blind life can not be restored.
Optic nerve atrophy caused by increased intraocular pressure and compression of optic nerve is the main pathogenic factor of glaucoma. There are many types of glaucoma, most of which are angle-closure glaucoma, which is divided into acute and chronic subtypes.
Acute angle-closure glaucoma often manifests as severe head and eye pain, nausea and vomiting, blurred vision and other symptoms in a short period of time, and is often misdiagnosed as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, digestive tract diseases and delayed treatment, and eventually blindness.
The development of chronic angle-closure glaucoma is a long and slow process. Patients often have normal vision early on, but a reduced field of vision. With the development of the disease, the patient's field of vision will become smaller and smaller, and even can only see the scene in front of him, and the surrounding area can not see clearly, and eventually become completely blind.
Doctors recommend that people should have regular eye examinations every year, including measuring eye pressure, checking the optic nerve of the fundus, checking the visual field and so on. It can also be roughly self-measured by the "finger measurement method" : after closing the eyes, touch the eye with the index finger, if the hardness is similar to the lips, the eye pressure is lower; If the hardness is similar to that of the nose tip, the intraocular pressure is normal; If it is as hard as the forehead, then the intraocular pressure is already very high, and you should remain vigilant and seek medical screening if necessary.
The findings suggest that people with a short ocular axis are more likely to develop angle-closure glaucoma, and people with a short ocular axis tend to have a large reserve of farsightedness. Therefore, young people with good vision after the age of 45, should tighten a string, regular physical examination, once headache, nausea, vision loss, should seek medical attention in time.
Corneal blindness: Artificial cornea will bring hope to patients
Blindness caused by damage to the cornea is called corneal blindness.
The cornea is the only transparent tissue in the human body, without blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, and its own nutrition and metabolism are different from other tissues, which is very fragile. Clinical data show that ocular trauma, bacterial virus and other infectious factors, as well as allergy, immunity and other non-infectious factors, may lead to corneal damage. If not timely intervention, it will induce corneal blindness.
In the early stage of corneal injury, the primary disease treatment should be targeted to stop the corneal injury in time. For example, those caused by infection should control the infection, and those caused by allergy should stay away from the allergen or ease the allergic reaction with related medications.
Once the patient's corneal injury is severe and blinding, that is, after developing corneal blindness, corneal transplantation is the only means of restoring vision. However, the number of corneal blindness patients is large, the number of corneal donations is far from meeting the demand, the long-term shortage of human corneal donors, about 90% of corneal blindness patients are waiting in the dark.
So the researchers turned to artificial corneas. The application of artificial cornea can not only effectively alleviate the huge gap in the number of human corneal donors, but also has great significance for some corneal blindness patients who are not suitable for human corneal transplantation.
If these patients undergo traditional human keratoplasty, there will be postoperative immune rejection, resulting in a very low success rate of surgery. Corneal implants are the only option for these patients.
