The central Mediterranean coast has a zigzag coastline and many islands, the big islands are Majorca, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Crete, Cyprus and Rhodes.

Sicily is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, Sardinia is second, Cyprus is third, Corsica is fourth and Crete is fifth.

Cyprus
Cyprus is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, south of Turkey. It was settled by Phoenicians at least as early as 800 BC, and was subsequently occupied by Assyrians, Egyptians, Persians, Macedonian Greeks, Egyptians, and Romans (58 BC).

The Byzantines ruled the city from 395 to 1191 AD, when it was captured by Richard I of England during the Third Crusade.

It was annexed by Venice in 1489. It was conquered by the Turks in 1571. Great Britain claimed sovereignty in 1914. Cyprus became independent in 1960. Nicosia is its capital and largest city with a population of 642,731.

There are two main groups of people living in Cyprus today: Turks and Greeks.

Corsica is 193 kilometers from the coast, on the southeastern coast of France, the island area of 8,480 square kilometers, is the fourth largest island in the Mediterranean islands, residents of about 550,000 people.

Between the lush mountains and the blue sea, the island of Corsica is a great holiday destination.

Corsica, like many of the other islands, is a turbulent place. It was first colonized by the Phoenicians, occupied by the Romans, then by the republics of Pisa and Genoa, and in 1769 became part of France, a status it retains to this day.

The island produced not only the famous political figure Napoleon, but also many navigators and mapmakers, many of whom were Arabs.

Malta is also a small island that cannot be ignored. The territory consists of five islands, of which Malta is the largest, with an area of 316 square kilometers, and it is located at the junction of the eastern and Western Mediterranean.

Malta is an island country in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, known as the "heart of the Mediterranean". The coastline is 180 km long. It has a subtropical Mediterranean climate.

The average annual temperature is 21.3 degrees, with a maximum temperature of 40 degrees and a minimum temperature of 5 degrees. The average annual precipitation is 560 mm. The population of the island is mainly composed of Arabs, Sicilians, (French) Norlanders, Spaniards, Italians, and British.

The locals speak English and a Martese language with Semitic characteristics, as well as many Italian. All are Roman Catholic.

Historically, Marta was occupied first by the Phoenicians, then by the Greeks, then by the Carthaginians, and finally by the Romans.

Then the Arabs, then the Normans, then the Turks, and finally Napoleon.

Mediterranean cuisine refers to the food varieties of European countries located on the Mediterranean coast such as Greece, Spain, southern France and Italy, seafood is its theme, plus healthy olive oil, refreshing vegetables and fruits, mellow cheese, mellow wine, etc., endless flavor.

The Mediterranean Sea is a kind of sea. By sea, I mean the edge of the ocean. According to its location, it can be divided into marginal sea, Mediterranean Sea, and inland sea.

The Mediterranean Sea is the sea between the continents, also known as the "intercontinental sea".

The area and depth are large, there are straits and adjacent sea area or ocean communication. Such as Europe, Asia, Africa between the three continents of the "Mediterranean".

The Caribbean Sea, which lies between North and South America, also belongs to the Mediterranean Sea.

Climatic type

The Mediterranean climate is characterized by hot and dry summers with little rain and warm and humid winters. This climate causes the surrounding rivers to fill with rain in winter and dry up in summer.

The characteristics of the Mediterranean climate are: controlled by the westerlies in winter, frontal cyclone activities are frequent, the climate is mild, the average temperature of the coldest month is between 4 and 10℃, and the precipitation is abundant. In summer, under the control of subtropical high pressure, the air flow sinks, the climate is hot and dry, the cloud is scarce, and the sunshine is abundant.

The annual precipitation is 300 ~ 1000 mm, about 60% ~ 70% in the winter half year, and only 30% ~ 40% in the summer half year. The climate characteristics of winter rain and summer dry are unique among various climate types in the world.

The main reason of the Mediterranean climate is that it is controlled by westerlies in winter and frontal cyclones are frequently active. In summer, it is controlled by the subtropical high pressure zone, and the airflow sinks.

Among the more than ten climate types in the world, the climate types that are controlled by alternating pressure zones and wind zones throughout the year, in addition to the Mediterranean climate, there are tropical savannah climate (equatorial low pressure zone and trade wind zone alternately controlled) and tropical desert climate (trade wind zone and subtropical high pressure zone alternately controlled). The climate controlled by the westerlies throughout the year is a temperate maritime climate.

The distribution of the Mediterranean climate is located on the west coast of the continent between 30 and 40 degrees north and south latitude. The Mediterranean climate is found on every continent except Antarctica.

In the distribution of Mediterranean climate, the Mediterranean coast is the most obvious. Other areas such as the coast of California in North America, central Chile in South America, the Cape of Good Hope region at the southern tip of Africa, and the southwest and southeast coasts of Australia. Most of its distribution areas are economically developed and are also hot spots in the world.