otalgia

Otolalgia is mainly caused by acute inflammation, such as acute suppurative pericperiostitis, otitis externa and furuncle, acute tympanitis and acute suppurative otitis media.

Advanced middle ear cancer can be painful. Otogenic intracranial complications may include deep otoalgia.

Purulent ear

Discharge from the external ear canal is one of the common symptoms of ear diseases.

The discharge from external otitis is mostly exudative fluid, and the discharge from otitis media is often mucopurulent. A large amount indicates that the mastoid process is also involved.

Cholesteatomatous otitis media should be suspected when chronic otitis media secretions have a foul odor.

deafness

Deafness Deafness can occur when there are lesions in any part of the hearing system.

But different parts of the attack, there will be different nature of deafness.

The lesions of the outer ear and middle ear will produce conductive deafness.

Sensory nerve deafness occurs in cochlear lesions and acoustic neuroma. Central deafness occurs when there are lesions above the cochlear nerve nucleus.

There are also functional deafness and pseudo-deafness. The modern audiometry technology can make the qualitative and localization diagnosis of all kinds of deafness.

Mixed deafness refers to deafness that has both conductive components and sensorineural manifestations of deafness (see deafness).

tinnitus

Tinnitus can be caused by various ear diseases such as sound impairment and drug-induced deafness. In addition, hypertension, kidney disease, deafness and so on can also cause. The cause can be found based on medical history and physical examination (see tinnitus).

Stun

Vertigo An illusion of feeling oneself or an external environment moving. It can be divided into otogenic (perivestibular disease) and central.

Otogenic vertigo (e.g., Meniere's disease), characterized by sudden onset, nausea, vomiting, nystagmus, tinnitus, and hearing loss. The symptoms do not last long.

Central vertigo is generally sensorial deafness or not accompanied by deafness, nystagmus is not obvious, vertigo is mild or just a sense of instability. Such as acoustic neuroma (see vertigo).

Local swelling

Local swelling such as the swelling of the auricle perichondritis, acute mastoiditis local redness and subperiosteal abscess of the mastoid, external ear canal furuncle and so on.

Otogenic facial nerve paralysis in acute otitis media, facial nerve paralysis is usually caused by facial nerve edema, ischemia and hypoxia, and chronic suppurative otitis media is often caused by the destruction of facial nerve bone canal caused by cholestatoma.

Facial paralysis can also be caused by trauma from middle ear surgery or viral infection. The basic clinical symptoms are the disappearance of the frontal wrinkles on the injured side, the inability to close the eyes, the relaxation of the facial muscles, and the deviation of the mouth to the healthy side, resulting in facial asymmetry.

Inspection method

Examination of the relationship between otolaryngology and other diseases and systemic diseases of the nose and nasopharynx. Such as nasal inflammatory diseases. Sinusitis. Nasal masses. Nasopharyngeal masses are easy to cause middle ear diseases. Because the eustachian tube opens on the lateral wall of the nasopharynx. Near the posterior nostril. Infection enters the middle ear via the eustachian tube. Especially in children, the eustachian tube is short and straight. More susceptible to infection. Milk from breastfeeding can also enter the middle ear through the eustachian tube. In addition, hypertrophic adenoids and tonsils in childhood are also prone to otitis media. Otitis media is often induced by systemic diseases such as upper respiratory tract infection. Chronic diseases such as high blood pressure. Kidney disease, diabetes, and metabolic diseases can all cause ear dysfunction. It presents as deafness, tinnitus or dizziness.

Diagnosis and differential diagnosis

First, according to the time of onset. Possible causes and physical examination to make a preliminary diagnosis. Difficult cases can be examined according to clinical characteristics. For example, for deaf patients. Various audiometry methods can be used. The results often reflect the nature of the disease and the location of the lesion. Objective audiometry may be used in young children and uncooperative cases. Electronystagmogram can provide clues to the nature and lesion location of vertigo. In addition, some cases require X-rays. Biopsy and other tests aid diagnosis.

Attention should be paid to the differential diagnosis of the following conditions: a conductive deafness. Confusion is caused by disruption of the ossicular chain and otosclerosis. History. Sound immittance audiometry is helpful for differential diagnosis. Surgical exploration may be performed if necessary. Two-sensorineural deafness. It can be started from the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics. Such as the onset of various diseases are not exactly the same. Infection. Vascular disease. Detonation deafness often comes on suddenly. And acoustic neuroma. Diabetes. Causes of systemic diseases such as cirrhosis. Hearing loss progresses slowly. The cause of hearing loss in one or both ears can vary. Such as occupational deafness. Drug toxicity deafness and so on, both ears are damaged at the same time. Meniere's disease. Middle ear disease is mostly unilateral. Vestibular function is different. The vestibular lesions of the inner ear are mostly damaged. It is characterized by low function. The vestibular function of congenital deafness and occupational deafness is more normal. Special audiometry can identify cochlea. Neurotic and central deafness. Vertigo. Medical history plays an important role in the diagnosis of vertigo. In addition, the nature and degree of vertigo of various diseases are also different.