The larger the earthquake magnitude, the wider the range of the observation stations involved, the larger the earthquake magnitude, the closer to the epicenter, the more significant the accumulation or blocking of the horizontal displacement before the earthquake,

and the larger the coseismic horizontal displacement. However, there is no obvious vertical displacement accumulation before and near the epicenter of the earthquake, and the deformation is inelastic.

According to the results of GPS observation and rock fracture test, Professor Gu Guohua proposed the compression-shear (elastic) rebound model of earthquake occurrence, that is, the earthquake epicenter is squeezed before the earthquake and the shear displacement during the earthquake.

It shows that the GPS observation results of each major earthquake do not support the elastic rebound hypothesis of the earthquake with shear deformation before and during the earthquake, proposed by American scholar Reed 100 years ago.

It is also reasonable to explain that the accumulation of vertical displacement is not necessary before the epicenter and its vicinity. It provides experimental basis and enlightenment for the observation and study of the evolution of crustal deformation precursors and the analysis of deformation time series in earthquake prediction.

The observation results of crustal movement before and after many large earthquakes show that the horizontal movement of the crust is not only obvious, but also involves a wide range, and the plate (horizontal) movement is the cause of earthquakes.

The vertical movement of the Earth's crust is not the cause of earthquakes. The GNSS observation and research results have greatly enriched the understanding of the relationship between earthquake and crustal movement, and GNSS should become one of the main observation techniques for earthquake monitoring and prediction.

For a long time, the observation of large seismic waves and coseismic displacement near the epicenter is a big technical problem, and the larger the magnitude, the more difficult it is. However, in order to further study the focal mechanism,

carry out earthquake early warning and earthquake prediction, the development of low-cost, high-precision, high-density, fast real-time observation and processing, multi-functional large displacement (or deformation) observation technology near the epicenter is the inevitable trend of earthquake monitoring. GNSS with many advantages should be the current observation technology in line with this development trend.

When you look up, you drill down. Not being afraid of difficulties and setbacks is Professor Gu Guohua's scientific research attitude. He said: "The whole process of scientific research is composed of countless difficulties and bottlenecks,

but this is also the fun of scientific research, when you overcome each difficulty to achieve results, the sense of achievement is inexpressible." He believes that a qualified scientific research worker should not only have rich professional knowledge,

but also have perseverance, and have continuous motivation and determination to move forward, so that it is possible to experience the joy of overcoming difficulties, "and he himself is also like this, never stopping in research, and making meaningful results for the monitoring of geological disasters in China.

Due to the special temporal and spatial distribution of large earthquakes, earthquake prediction, observation and research period is long, so far only a few earthquakes have been found to have earthquake precursor deformation,

in addition to the need to encrypt and improve the GNSS observation network, and because the crustal medium in the epicenter before the earthquake is in an unrecognized critical state before the rupture,

solving the short imminent earthquake precursor is still the biggest difficulty in earthquake prediction. Multidisciplinary efforts are still needed. The rethinking of earthquake prediction cannot stay in the past. Like weather forecasting,

the most critical thing is to rely on the most advanced technology and scientific ideas, strengthen basic research, continue to explore, and constantly improve the level of earthquake prediction, and finally break through earthquake prediction.

For a long time, Professor Gu Guohua has been convinced that the cause of earthquakes is crustal movement, and GNSS is an indispensable tool for monitoring crustal movement. The research results have made him more convinced that the exploration is correct.

The failure of earthquake prediction is not necessarily a failure of observational techniques, but may also be a failure to obtain relevant scientific knowledge. Although there are major failures, there are still problems,

but the earthquake prediction can be achieved, and the favorable geographical environment conducive to GNSS monitoring in China is conducive to breaking through the earthquake prediction.Breakthrough! Licheng No. 2 Middle School won gold in the National Earth Science Olympiad

Recently, the final of the 2023-2024 National Earth Science Olympiad was held in Jilin University. Licheng No. 2 High School won the final of the National Earth Science Olympiad after fierce competition with more than 270 outstanding players from all over the country. Geng Yuxin won the gold medal, which is the first time that Licheng No. 2 Middle School students won the gold medal in the event, achieving a new breakthrough.

Licheng No. 2 High School won the gold and silver MEDALS in the national Geography Competition.

According to reports, in this competition, Licheng No. 2 students Geng Yuxin won the gold medal, Zhao Weibang students won the silver medal. Geng Yuxin showed excellent earth science literacy and problem-solving ability in the competition,

especially in the theoretical knowledge and field practice, which left a deep impression on the judges. Zhao Weibang focuses on logical thinking, showing his unique thinking on earth science.