The State Administration of Cultural Heritage held a press conference to inform the important progress of several major projects of "archaeological China". At the meeting, You Fuxiang, research librarian of the National Museum of China, introduced the latest archaeological achievements of the Xiachan Site in Baoji City, Shaanxi province.
Xiachang Site is located in Chencang District, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, on the terrace of the southern bank of the Weihe River at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains. It is a sacrificial site from the Spring and Autumn period to the late Western Han Dynasty. The site covers a total area of 230,000 square meters, and more than 1,400 sacrificial relics have been found.
Panoramic view of the site of the next station.
At present, 99 different types of sacrificial pits have been excavated, and there are complex overlaying and breaking relationships between the sacrificial pits. The sacrificial pits are divided into three shapes: strip, rectangle, and chamber. In the middle of Spring and Autumn, the sacrificial pits were mainly north-south long, and cattle were mainly buried in the pits. In the late Spring and Autumn period, the east-west rectangular pit was the main pit. In addition to the animal sacrifice pit, the most important thing was the chariot pit, in which practical chariots were buried. The shape of chariots and horses was almost the same as the chariot and horses unearthed in the second chariot and horses pit of the first big tomb of Qin Gong. In the Warring States Period, the shape and content of the chariot and horse pits were reduced, and the practical vehicles began to transform into model vehicles, and jade Ren, jade huang and jade Cong began to be placed in the vehicle, and this combination of jade has continued to the Western Han Dynasty. During the period from Qin unification to Han Dynasty, new sacrificial pits appeared, in which model vehicles and horses were placed. According to the records of Shiji and other documents and the information of "Mi" unearthed in the site, it is basically confirmed that the Xiadang site was established in the fourth year of Emperor Xuan of Qin (672 BC).
Jade ornament in the shape of animal face.
Qin and Han dynasties have set Zhi, Mi Zhi, Wu Yang Shang Zhi, lower Zhi, North Zhi, respectively, the White Emperor, Qing Emperor, Yellow Emperor, Yan Emperor and Black Emperor, known as "Yong five Zhi". The site of the lower station was Yongwuzhi Zhizhi, which continued to be used from 672 BC to the late Western Han Dynasty. With the establishment of the Qin Dynasty, Yongwuzhi was transformed from the sacrificial place of the vassal state to the sacrificial place of the unitary state, which showed the historical process of the ancient sacrificial system of China and the development of China's traditional ritual culture.
